Sources/Clones
Accurate (SVP-38, S5768), American Research Products, Biodesign (SY-38), Biogenesis (SY-38), Biogenex (SY-38), Boehringer Mannheim (SY-38), Calbiochem, Cymbus Bioscience (SY-38), Dako (SY 38, polyclonal), Sanbio/Monosan (SY-38), Seralab (SY-38) and Sigma (SVP-38).
Fixation/Preparation
Applicable to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections. Microwave antigen retrieval in citrate buffer improves the immunostaining of this antibody. Enzyme pretreatment is not recommended for the monoclonal antibody. Also applicable to frozen sections and cell smears. The polyclonal antibody requires enzyme pretreatment before immunostaining.
Background
Synaptophysin is an integral-membrane glycoprotein (38 kD) of presynaptic vesicles (Jahn et al, 1985). The protein is a component of the classic, locally recycled small synaptic vesicle present in almost all neurons (Navone et al, 1986). Synaptophysin is present in empty vesicles and is both chemically and topographically different from chromogranin (68 kD), a membrane protein of dense-core neuroendocrine granules (Lloyd & Wilson, 1983).
Antibody (SY38) to synaptophysin has been raised against presynaptic vesicles from bovine brain. Hence, the antibody shows reactivity with neuronal presynaptic vesicles of brain, spinal cord, retina, neuromuscular junctions and small vesicles of adrenal medulla and pancreatic islets of human, bovine, rat and mouse origin (Navone et al, 1986). In normal tissues, neuroendocrine cells of the human adrenal medulla, carotid body, skin, pituitary, thyroid, lung, pancreas and gastrointestinal mucosa are labeled with this antibody (Wiedenmann et al, 1986).
The polyclonal antibody (Dako) was raised against the synthetic human synaptophysin peptide coupled to keyhole limpet hemocyanin.
Applications
Antibody to synaptophysin allows specific staining of neuronal, adrenal and neuroepithelial tumors: these include pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma, pancreatic islet cell tumors, medullary thyroid carcinoma, pulmonary/gastrointestinal/medias tinal carcinoid tumors and pituitary/parathyroid adenomas. Other neural tumors like neuroblastomas, ganglioneuroblastomas, ganglioneuromas, central neurocytoma and ganglioglioma also demonstrate immunoreactions with this antibody (Chejfec et al, 1987; Gould et al, 1986; Stefaneanu et al, 1988). The DAKO-rabbit antihuman synaptophysin is also useful for the identification of normal and neoplastic neuroendocrine cells.
Comments
Synaptophysin is a specific and fairly sensitive marker for neural/neuroendocrine tumors of low and high grades of malignancy. The recommended positive control tissue is pancreas (islets).
References
•Chejfec G, Falkmer S, Grimelius L et al 1987. Synaptophysin. A new marker for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. American Journal of Surgical Pathology 11: 241-247.
•Gould VE, Lee I, Wiedenmann B et al 1986. Synaptophysin: a novel marker for neurons, certain neuroendocrine cells, and their neoplasms. Human Pathology 17: 979-983.
•Jahn R, Schiebler W, Ouimet C et al 1985.A 38 000-dalton membrane protein (P38) present in synaptic vesicles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 82: 4137-4141.
•Lloyd LV, Wilson BS 1983. Specific endocrine tissue marker defined by a monoclonal antibody. Science 222: 628-630.
•Navone F, Jahn R, Di Gioia G et al 1986. Protein p38: an integral membrane protein specific for small vesicles of neurons and neuroendocrine cells. Journal of Cell Biology 103: 2511-2527.
•Stefaneanu L, Ryan N, Kovacs K 1988. Immunocytochemical localization of synaptophysin in human hypophyses and pituitary adenomas. Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 112: 801-804.
•Wiedenmann B, Franke WW, Kuhn C et al 1986. Synaptophysin: a marker protein for neuroendocrine cells and neoplasms. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 83: 3500-3504.
Bibliografia
Manual of diagnostic antibodies for immunohistology / Anthony S.-Y. Leong, Kumarasen Cooper, F. Joel W.-M. Leong.
Accurate (SVP-38, S5768), American Research Products, Biodesign (SY-38), Biogenesis (SY-38), Biogenex (SY-38), Boehringer Mannheim (SY-38), Calbiochem, Cymbus Bioscience (SY-38), Dako (SY 38, polyclonal), Sanbio/Monosan (SY-38), Seralab (SY-38) and Sigma (SVP-38).
Fixation/Preparation
Applicable to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections. Microwave antigen retrieval in citrate buffer improves the immunostaining of this antibody. Enzyme pretreatment is not recommended for the monoclonal antibody. Also applicable to frozen sections and cell smears. The polyclonal antibody requires enzyme pretreatment before immunostaining.
Background
Synaptophysin is an integral-membrane glycoprotein (38 kD) of presynaptic vesicles (Jahn et al, 1985). The protein is a component of the classic, locally recycled small synaptic vesicle present in almost all neurons (Navone et al, 1986). Synaptophysin is present in empty vesicles and is both chemically and topographically different from chromogranin (68 kD), a membrane protein of dense-core neuroendocrine granules (Lloyd & Wilson, 1983).
Antibody (SY38) to synaptophysin has been raised against presynaptic vesicles from bovine brain. Hence, the antibody shows reactivity with neuronal presynaptic vesicles of brain, spinal cord, retina, neuromuscular junctions and small vesicles of adrenal medulla and pancreatic islets of human, bovine, rat and mouse origin (Navone et al, 1986). In normal tissues, neuroendocrine cells of the human adrenal medulla, carotid body, skin, pituitary, thyroid, lung, pancreas and gastrointestinal mucosa are labeled with this antibody (Wiedenmann et al, 1986).
The polyclonal antibody (Dako) was raised against the synthetic human synaptophysin peptide coupled to keyhole limpet hemocyanin.
Applications
Antibody to synaptophysin allows specific staining of neuronal, adrenal and neuroepithelial tumors: these include pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma, pancreatic islet cell tumors, medullary thyroid carcinoma, pulmonary/gastrointestinal/medias tinal carcinoid tumors and pituitary/parathyroid adenomas. Other neural tumors like neuroblastomas, ganglioneuroblastomas, ganglioneuromas, central neurocytoma and ganglioglioma also demonstrate immunoreactions with this antibody (Chejfec et al, 1987; Gould et al, 1986; Stefaneanu et al, 1988). The DAKO-rabbit antihuman synaptophysin is also useful for the identification of normal and neoplastic neuroendocrine cells.
Comments
Synaptophysin is a specific and fairly sensitive marker for neural/neuroendocrine tumors of low and high grades of malignancy. The recommended positive control tissue is pancreas (islets).
References
•Chejfec G, Falkmer S, Grimelius L et al 1987. Synaptophysin. A new marker for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. American Journal of Surgical Pathology 11: 241-247.
•Gould VE, Lee I, Wiedenmann B et al 1986. Synaptophysin: a novel marker for neurons, certain neuroendocrine cells, and their neoplasms. Human Pathology 17: 979-983.
•Jahn R, Schiebler W, Ouimet C et al 1985.A 38 000-dalton membrane protein (P38) present in synaptic vesicles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 82: 4137-4141.
•Lloyd LV, Wilson BS 1983. Specific endocrine tissue marker defined by a monoclonal antibody. Science 222: 628-630.
•Navone F, Jahn R, Di Gioia G et al 1986. Protein p38: an integral membrane protein specific for small vesicles of neurons and neuroendocrine cells. Journal of Cell Biology 103: 2511-2527.
•Stefaneanu L, Ryan N, Kovacs K 1988. Immunocytochemical localization of synaptophysin in human hypophyses and pituitary adenomas. Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 112: 801-804.
•Wiedenmann B, Franke WW, Kuhn C et al 1986. Synaptophysin: a marker protein for neuroendocrine cells and neoplasms. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 83: 3500-3504.
Bibliografia
Manual of diagnostic antibodies for immunohistology / Anthony S.-Y. Leong, Kumarasen Cooper, F. Joel W.-M. Leong.
